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Modern children, for the most part, go to school already prepared: they know how to read, write, count, and solve simple problems. Some attend school preparation courses, others work individually with a teacher, but many parents prefer to prepare their child for school on their own.

The child learned letters, learned to combine them into syllables, and syllables into words. And the parents are very happy, they are proud of their neighbors. Especially if the neighbors’ children only play with toys and don’t know a single letter.

But we cannot stop there. Otherwise, the acquired skills will quickly self-destruct. Now it's time to start reading small texts. This is very difficult for a baby, but interesting task. After all, by perceiving the text, the child receives a lot of information that is useful and exciting for him.

Parents and teachers often find themselves at a loss as to how to offer texts to a preschooler, in what form it will be more effective, and how to begin to develop syllable reading at this age.

Learning letters and learning how to put them into words is not an easy task. It happens that parents give up during the learning process. Taking age into account is important point. This is where we will begin our discussion.

This article will discuss how to make learning enjoyable for parents and their little students.

Age characteristics of preschoolers

Five-year-old children are very active and inquisitive. At this age, “growing up” happens right before our eyes. Children develop not only physically, but also mentally and intellectually.

During this period, the child begins to prepare for school. Cognitive mental processes begin to form with great acceleration. Children constantly ask adults questions.

The beginning of the formation of cognitive interests contributes to the development of imagination and fantasy. Thanks to these processes, the formation begins creative potential personality of a preschooler.

Children gain knowledge through all types of activities - games, classes, various productive and leisure activities.

When can you start teaching your child to read?

Reading should be taught only when speech therapy problems, if any, have been resolved. Speech disorders (impaired reading process), and in the future to dysgraphia (impaired writing process). The consequence of all this will be low performance at school.

If a child does not pronounce a couple of “uncontrollable” sounds, but in general his speech is clear, this is not so critical. If the baby has porridge in his mouth and cannot pronounce half of the letters, then first of all it is necessary to correct his oral speech with the help of a speech therapist. When learning the alphabet, the baby will learn the letters the way he hears and pronounces them himself, and this will lead to problems in reading and writing.

Age is also important. There are methods that allow you to teach very young children, but you need to understand: is the child really ready to learn, does he understand the explanations, does he like the lessons. Here it is very important to grasp the fine line between the child’s psychological readiness for learning and the ambitions of his parents.

If there are no speech therapy problems or they have already been resolved, if the baby is ready to learn, then it is worth introducing him to the alphabet, and then moving on to reading syllables.

Positive experience

Emotionally developed, full of impressions, preschoolers quickly gain positive learning experiences. Additional incentive in the form of praise and support helps children self-motivate for educational activities.

Thanks to the rapid development of memory, attention, and mental operations, five to seven-year-old preschoolers are already able to receive and process a large flow of information. But this should not be abused. Still, this is a child’s brain, and the dose of information should be calculated specifically for the child’s age stage and the corresponding cognitive experience of the child.

Preschooler's speech

The most important acquisition in preschool age is considered to be correctly formed speech and sufficient vocabulary.

Preschoolers already know many poems, riddles and fairy tales by heart.

But in order for a child’s personality to develop, it is necessary to diversify the information and complicate the learning material. This will spur the baby’s curiosity and develop in him a desire to learn even more new and unknown things.

It is important to remember that teaching preschoolers should take place in a playful, unobtrusive form. Otherwise, the child will quickly lose interest in what is happening, and in the future, reading will only cause hostility.

Classes must be held regularly, and the material covered must be reinforced every day. To do this, it is not necessary to constantly sit with a primer and do exercises. You can look for familiar letters or words on signs, product packaging, or magazine titles at the newsstand.

It is necessary to get interested in reading with early age. A good old bedtime routine will do the trick. A personal example is also important: it will be useful for a child to see his parents not only in front of a TV or laptop screen, but also with a book in their hands.

Algorithm for teaching reading

1. 1. Alphabet

First you need to introduce your baby to the alphabet.

Learning should start with hard vowels: A, O, U, E, I, Y. Then move on to hard voiced unpaired consonants: L, M, N, R. At the end, move on to complex vowels: E, E, Yu, I and consonants that are difficult for a preschooler to perceive - hissing, deaf, hard voiced paired (B, V, G , D).

When naming consonants, you cannot designate them as “em”, “el” or “me”, “le”. You need to pronounce the sound itself. For example, “This letter sounds like this: “m.” Otherwise, the child may not learn to put letters into syllables and when reading there is a risk of getting something similar to “me-a-me-a” instead of “ma-ma.”

1. 1. Syllables

The next step is to connect the letters into syllables. Methods of teaching this will be discussed in detail below.

1. Words

The ultimate goal of learning is to add syllables into words and develop continuous reading skills.

Reading texts

Each preschooler is individual in his own personal qualities. Therefore, when choosing texts, you simply need to take this into account. And select the material in such a way that the child is definitely interested.

This approach defines a new task - classes should be either individual or in small microgroups, where children with approximately the same interests participate.

How to work with texts

You can start working with texts with small poems and very small stories.

A preschooler cannot always grasp the meaning of the text. Therefore, the learning process should be structured approximately as follows:

Choose small cards with short sentences. For four-year-olds, the text on the card should contain no more than 1-3 sentences.

Older preschoolers should be offered cards containing 4-5 sentences.

The sentences selected are not long. There should be few words in a sentence. And they shouldn't be too long. To begin with, it is better to place the sentences themselves on the card as simple ones or with one comma.

Such texts are easily perceived by preschoolers. But you can’t stay at this level of complexity for long.

It is necessary to move on to text reading using cards only when syllabic reading has been mastered at a good level and brought to automatism. At this point, you can move on to texts with unfamiliar information.

You can't rush the baby. And even worse - start giving him hints. This will only lead to the fact that the preschooler will always stop at difficult places in the text, waiting for a hint.

Not reading speed, but understanding the meaning of the information provided in the text is more important at the learning stage.

Reading with picture cards

Another important point is that cards with texts for young children must be illustrated. These could be comics or coloring books. In the second case, the child receives another interesting task for him - to color the picture.

And we know how children preschool age love to draw or paint. Why not combine the two activities together? Reading the text and coloring the pictures for it.

Where can I get cards with texts for preschoolers?

You can make cards yourself or find age-appropriate ones on the Internet. If we make cards ourselves, then we can make sentences in such a way that they tell about the child himself.

Even write down his name. This will definitely interest the young reader, and he will want to know what is written about him.

The text in sentences should be made large and bold. This will facilitate visual perception of information. At the first stages, a hyphen is placed between the syllables, which will also make reading easier, because the baby is already familiar with the syllables.

Texts for reading using cards with pictures

The cards are illustrated, the sentences are selected according to the age of the child in the preschool period.

Cards with reading texts for children from 4 years old

These cards contain a colorful illustration with one sentence based on the picture presented. It will be easy for a child to read the text by looking at the image.

Printed pictures can be folded to make small books that the child will re-read from time to time.

Cards with reading texts for children from 5 years old

The cards below contain more text. After reading them, it will be useful to give your child a simple task.

A child who has learned to put sounds into syllables, syllables into words, and words into sentences needs to improve their reading skills through systematic training. But reading is a rather labor-intensive and monotonous activity, and many children lose interest in it. Therefore we offer small texts, the words in them are divided into syllables.

At first read the work to your child yourself, and if it is long, you can read its beginning. This will interest the child. Then invite him to read the text. After each work, questions are given to help the child better understand what he read and comprehend the basic information that he gleaned from the text. After discussing the text, suggest reading it again.

Smart Bo-bik

So-nya and so-ba-ka Bo-bik go-la-li.
So-nya played with the doll.
Then So-nya ran home and forgot the doll.
Bo-bik found the doll and brought it to So-na.
B. Korsunskaya

Answer the questions.
1. Who did Sonya walk with?
2. Where did Sonya leave the doll?
3. Who brought the doll home?

The bird made a nest on a bush. The children found a nest and took it down to the ground.
- Look, Vasya, three birds!
The next morning the children arrived, but the nest was already empty. It would be a pity.
L. Tolstoy

Answer the questions.
1. What did the children do with the nest?
2. Why was the nest empty the next morning?
3. Did the children do well? What would you do?
4. Do you think this work is a fairy tale, story or poem?

Peti and Misha had a horse. They began to argue: whose horse is it? Did they start tearing horses from each other?
- Give me my horse.
- No, give it to me - the horse is not yours, but mine.
The mother came, took the horse, and the horse became no one’s.
L. Tolstoy

Answer the questions.
1. Why did Petya and Misha quarrel?
2. What did mom do?
3. Did the children play horse well? Why are you so
do you think?

It is advisable to use the example of these works to show children the genre features of poems, stories and fairy tales.

Genre oral fiction, containing events unusual in the everyday sense (fantastic, miraculous or everyday) and distinguished by a special compositional and stylistic structure. In fairy tales there are fairy tale characters, talking animals, unprecedented miracles occur.

Poem- a short poetic work in verse. The poems read smoothly and musically, they have rhythm, meter and rhyme.

Story- small literary form; a short narrative work with a small number of characters and the short duration of the events depicted. The story describes an incident from life, some striking event that really happened or could happen.

In order not to discourage him from reading, do not force him to read texts that are uninteresting and inaccessible to his understanding. It happens that a child takes a book he knows and reads it “by heart.” Necessarily read to your child every day poems, fairy tales, stories.

Daily reading enhances emotionality, develops culture, horizons and intellect, and helps to understand human experience.

Literature:
Koldina D.N. I read on my own. - M.: TC Sfera, 2011. - 32 p. (Sweetie).

Full description

The game develops mainly skill of reading fusion syllables. It is advisable that reading syllables be preceded by training in two syllable tables:
1. Reverse two-letter syllables, for example, AZ, OV, IH, etc.

2. Syllable mergers such as BA, NO, TU, etc.

Adults need to understand that tables in rows can be much more difficult to read than in columns, that is, BA-BO-BU-BA, etc. harder to read than BA-WA-GA-DA, etc. If this is also difficult for the child to learn, then the young student needs to be given tasks of the following type: “find the syllable MA in this column, then the syllable RA, ...” After the child begins to correctly find the syllables, you need to repeat reading the columns in random order, then Gradually you can move on to words from our educational game.

The adult reads the word from the left column, and the child must try to read the rhyming word from the right column.

You can turn the training into a game: for this, an adult places 14 chips (or chestnuts, or something else) on the table. If the child reads the word correctly and quickly enough, he takes one chip for himself. If the child makes a mistake or asks for help, then the adult prompts him and takes one chip for himself. The one with the most chips wins. It is not necessary to reward a child financially for winning; it is enough that the adult expresses his joy at the child’s correct independent answers.

The game is aimed at children who are learning to read. The simulator is offered in two forms:

A) Form A is designed for children who practically cannot read, although they know the letters.

B) Form B is designed for children who can read four-letter words on their own (even if slowly and with errors). In this form, the words in the right column are rearranged so that the child must look for the rhyming word.

For each form, 15 exercises (tasks) are proposed, and it is not recommended to give more than two tasks (exercises) per lesson.

Form B includes 2 columns of 7 words, for each word from the left column the child must choose a rhyming word from the right column. The material should be used both for reading training and quickly finding a rhyming word, and for playing. An adult needs to print out the exercise in a suitable font and large letters.

The following option for using form B is possible:

The child is given colored pencils and allowed to first independently read and connect rhyming words with colored lines, and only after that read the words to an adult.

This article provides tables of form A, tables of form B will be given in subsequent articles.

Exercise No. 1 (A)

LEG	HORNS
LA-KI	MA-KI
O-SI	LO-SI
AWL	SOAP
FLOUR	HAND
LI-PY	TYPES
TE-NI	SE-NI

Exercise No. 2 (A)

RA-KI	BA-KI
GO-LY	CO-LY
NOTE	COMPANY
BODY	CASE
SHI-YOU	KI-YOU
TEETH	LIPS
RYA-Y	SA-DY

Exercise No. 3 (A)

KO-NI	PONY
VE-KI	RE-KI
CE-PI	KE-PI
STING	SALO
CHI-ZHI	NO-ZHI
NAME	UDDER
EARS	DU-SHI

Exercise No. 4 (A)

RE-CHI	PE-CHI
DEW	KO-SA
SHA-RY	GIFTS
LU-KI	LU-KI
VE-NY	GENES
UNCLE	VA-DYA
AUNT	MO-TY

Exercise No. 5 (A)

FA-RA	TA-RA
ROSE	POSE
GOALS	SHCH-LI
CLOUD	KU-CHA
WATCH	SCALES
YOU	SEED
LEGS	YO-GI

Exercise No. 6 (A)

ME-HA	TSE-HA
DO-WE	PU-WE
MOUNTAIN	NORA
SO-KI	TO-KI
RIFY	MI-FY
SHCH-PA	TURNIP
VA-ZY	GA-ZY

Exercise No. 7 (A)

SLED	LA-NI
BET	CA-RI
EGG	FACE
FOAM	ME-NA
SHI-NY	MI-NY
ME-LI	SE-LI
ARC	NOUGAT

Exercise No. 8 (A)

PI-RY	MI-RY
MEASURE	SULFUR
SHA-LI	YES-LI
YEARS	WATER
SE-TI	CHILDREN
KU-RY	TU-RY
ZA-RYA	SEAS

Exercise No. 9 (A)

LAND	CARCASS
BU-Y	DE-DY
PI-LY	SI-LY
NECK	FAIRY
SEA	GO-RE
VISA	RI-ZA
BALL-CHI	ME-CHI

Exercise No. 10 (A)

PI-LU	BE-LU
YES-RYU	GO-RYU
LOOKING FOR	PI-SHU
GO-NUDE	MA-NU
WRITING	PA-SHU
L Y	BYU
DRINKING	SHOOTH

Exercise No. 11 (A)

YES-SHA	MA-SHA
SI-MA	DIMA
TO-LA	KOLYA
NU-RA	SHU-RA
TA-XIA	VASYA
MI-TY	VI-TYA
SO-NYA	TONYA

Exercise No. 12 (A)

LIU-XIA	DU-XIA
PA-SHA	SASHA
LI-NA	RI-NA
GA-LA	VA-LA
SHO-MA	SUBJECT
LERA	FAITH
LE-VA	VO-VA

Exercise No. 13 (A)

LE-SHA	GO-SHA
LENA	GE-NA
VE-NYA	ZHENYA
NINA	ZI-NA
SA-NYA	TA-NYA
RO-MA	TO-MA
I-RA	KI-RA

Exercise No. 14 (A)

AXIS	ELK
LANG	TRIBUTE
ZERO	SALT
RASH	BITTERN
SCHEL	TARGET
XO	MEASLES
ELM	BYA

Exercise No. 15 (A)

LYNX	YOU
TENCH	SI N
STEERING WHEEL	TULLE
COPPER	AFTER ALL
ZY·TH	MOTHER
LA R	TSAR
DAY	SHADOW

Russian Language Day, also known as Pushkin Day, is celebrated more often by adults and schoolchildren involved in the subject. This applies to kids less often, and in vain: after all, they have to learn Russian for the longest time. We suggest that you don’t put it on hold and start showing educational cartoons to your little ones - they are most likely already watching TV anyway, and with these fun, easy-to-understand videos they will be able to remember the letters faster and better.

Let us remind you that we have a general selection of educational cartoons for kids, and now here is a review of popular videos on YouTube, where they will try to teach your children to read and write in an advanced modern format.

Educational cartoons: Talking ABC

Let's start with the basics - with the alphabet. Here, plasticine letters turn into animals, make sounds corresponding to the type and transform further according to the alphabet. All the names are pronounced (more than once), the animals look extremely cute, friendly and in the good traditions of plasticine cartoons. They also have an application for tablets and phones - for those who want to press the buttons themselves.

17 minutes of educational joy for children 3−6 years old.

The authors of this video (channel “Mizyaka-Dizyaka”, name from the creators of “Abuuuv!” and “Azyabatska”) know firsthand about the benefits of associations. Their talking letters are maximally supported by images and sounds, where near the “D” there is a woodpecker who is pecking and smoke, and “Y” sparkles with New Year’s garlands.

5 minutes of doing their own visual business of letters for the little ones. You will find other educational cartoons of the channel link.

Source: Mizyaka Dyzyaka

Cartoon Russian alphabet from, A to Z from Auntie Owl

Let's say right away that there are a lot of similar videos - with Fixies, Barboskin , Smeshariki and other cartoon characters to suit the child's taste. And this is not exactly a cartoon - rather a cross between a video tutorial and the fashionable genre of “opening kinder surprises” today. Here, after reading the words, the kids are actually teased with an egg being opened with a toy inside, and they also burst balloons in the hope of children’s delight, pronounce game lines from the characters, and perform other typical actions designed to gain large quantity views from young viewers. And yet they really teach you to read words here - syllable by syllable, slowly, methodically and intelligibly.

32 minutes for children 1−7 years old (why waste time on trifles, really!).

Source: KapitoshkaTV

Two funny pencils and their assistant “Lisa the Scissors” in an exciting word reading blockbuster. By letters, syllables, entirely, with pictures, educational facts and combinations different styles animation. The channel is seriously aimed at teaching children to read, there is even Video instruction about how to work with their cartoons. Extremely detailed and clear. Well, there are similar lessons on the channel whole series- just as bright and favorably distinguished by a reduced level of “lisping” with the target audience.

6 minutes for those who want to teach reading to children from 3 years old.

Surely you are familiar with such stylish Soviet cartoons as “Wow, a talking fish!”, “In the blue sea, in white foam” and “Look, Maslenitsa!” Their author is the famous Armenian director Robert Sahakyants, who continues to create animation today. For the little ones. His “Learning to Read” is a large cartoon with a recognizable style, strange animals and a visual educational element. It's definitely worth mentioning as well "ABC for kids". The big-lipped face on the monitor screen may remind you a little of that same talking fish, but that’s even better, isn’t it?

45 minutes (we said that this is a full-fledged cartoon), recommended for viewers from 3 years old.

Source: GetMovies

Learning Russian with Piggy

Combine the legendary “Good night, kids!” with Russian lessons - simple, but effective idea. Khryusha, Filya, Stepashka and the presenter on duty are trying to turn their studies into a fun, exciting game, and for fans of the original series, such training can really become a useful and organically perceived help.

10 minutes for those running to the screen to the sounds of “Tired toys are sleeping” of any age. You will find more training videos with Piggy link.

Trainer for beginners. Simple words.

The book is wonderful. But kids don’t want to strain themselves and put the letters into words; it’s much easier to look at the picture and guess from the very first letter what is written under the picture.

Therefore, I suggest downloading these sheets. They have a lot of words and no explanatory pictures. Nothing will distract your child from the reading process. And since each word has only three letters, reading them will not be very difficult.

How many of them are words consisting of three letters? There are more than a hundred such words on these leaves. So the child will have something to read.

New cards for practicing reading skills. This time the selection contains words of 4 letters, but with one syllable.

That is, words have only one vowel letter.

DAY, LOAD, DEADLINE, OVEN, SEVEN, NIGHT and so on.

More than 100 words consisting of 4 letters and 1 syllable are collected on two sheets.

When reading, a child must not only form a word from letters, but also comprehend what he read. Ask your child to explain each new word.

We continue to practice our reading skills.

The next selection is already two-syllable words of 4 letters. On the first card are words with the so-called “open syllable”. They are easy to read. Ma-ma, ka-sha, ne-bo, re-ka, lu-zha and similar words.

The second card is more difficult. The words on it contain both open and closed syllables. Ma-yak, ig-la, u-tyug, yah-ta, o-sel, yol-ka and so on.

Each card has over fifty words. So the child will have to work hard until he reads all the words.

We read new words syllable by syllable. Words already consist of 5 letters. Va-gon, baby, tu-man, mar-ka, re-dis, lamp-pa. And so on. If your child confidently reads these hundred and fifty words, you can assume that your baby HAS LEARNED how to read! Or rather, he learned to put words together from letters.