Darkening of areas on the face is a common problem, with a wide variety of causes. These may be small dots or small spots (freckles, age spots or birthmarks) red to dark brown and black, or large patches of skin on the cheeks or forehead.

Causes

Hyperpigmentation

Hyperpigmentation associated with free exposure external factors, which accelerate the formation of dark spots.

Cholasma (melasma)

Kholazma

One of the reasons causing this problem on the face may be cholasma - “pigmentation due to overproduction of melanin by pigment cells.” It can occur if you expose your face to sunlight for a long time. These uneven dark areas on the face predominate on the forehead, chin, cheeks and upper lip.

Hormonal imbalance and pregnancy

Cholasma appears as dark spots on the face and often appears during pregnancy. However, when hormonal imbalance is normalized, this problem should not manifest itself.

Other factors include hormone therapy, certain cancer medications, and hypothyroidism—low levels of thyroid hormones.

Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH)

It is caused by skin conditions that affect it. Psoriasis is one of the main conditions responsible for this. Some skin care products with alcohol, burns and acne can cause PIH.

Treatment includes continuous use of tretinoin, azeloic acid, especially for those patients who are prone to acne.

Lentigo

Lentigo (age spots/liver spots) refers to dark spots that are caused by ultraviolet rays rather than liver and alcohol problems (there was once a theory, hence the name). Most often they appear with age, especially after 60 years.

Such spots on the face do not pose serious health problems, but for aesthetic reasons they can be eliminated, for example, with the help of laser therapy, electrosurgery or cryotherapy. In addition, treatment for lentigo on the face may include creams and gels with hydroxyl acid.

You can also try some of the home remedies for liver spots such as buttermilk and lemon or turmeric, yogurt and honey mask.

Read more about these spots.

Acne scars

Acne scars are also the cause of darkening of the facial skin. These spots are actually pimples and blackheads that, once healed, have left scars on the forehead, cheeks or neck.

Depilation

Facial hair removal also sometimes causes black spots to appear on the cheeks and upper lip. Some of the methods used to remove unwanted hair, such as tweezers and chemical creams, can cause ingrown hairs. From time to time, this creates small dark or brown bumps due to the entry of bacteria.

Healed pimples

Whether acne appears during puberty, poor hygiene or skin diseases, this can trigger the manifestation of this problem. Once they appear on the forehead and cheeks, it becomes difficult to protect them from sunburn.

After they are treated, or when they disappear on their own, you can notice small dark spots in the areas where they are located.

Other reasons

There may be other causes of this skin problem, such as chemical burns, damage to the skin from hot objects, sharp objects or tools.

Most cases may require treatment due to long-term self-healing, but sometimes they resolve on their own.

NOTE. Vitamin B12 deficiency causes loss of normal pigmentation, resulting in white patches. This condition (vitiligo) indirectly contributes to dark spots on the skin.

Dark spots on cheeks

Firstly, the appearance of dark spots on the cheek and nose is caused by changes in the hormones estrogen and progesterone. Some of these changes may occur after successful hormone therapy. According to Khatri, "increased levels of these hormones can stimulate the growth of melanin, causing hyperpigmentation,"

Secondly, obesity may indicate that spots on the cheeks are a sign of acanthosis nigricans, especially in dark-skinned people, according to Dr. Pawan Kumar Gupta. The reason for this rare disease is a tendency to insulin resistance, which allows excess glucose to accumulate in cells, that is, “acanthosis nigricans is a skin change in which there is a darker, thicker velvety skin in the folds of the body." . This problem on the cheeks can be treated with carbon dioxide laser resurfacing (CO2 laser).

Acanthosis nigricans on the cheeks usually occurs in dark-skinned people

Treatment options

Microdermabrasion

It is a suitable method for removing darker areas. It ensures that only dry dead cells are removed and paves the way for a new layer. A professional dermatologist or surgeon will use an electric grinding device to remove very fine upper layer dark skin. For example, microdermabrasion is one of the ways to remove dark spots on the face caused by acne.

Exfoliation with scrubs

If darkened sun spots need to be removed in a short period of time, manual exfoliation should be used. A handy exfoliating tool or cleanser is applied to problem skin to remove its top layer. The exfoliating agent (scrub) should contain tiny particles, or you can make your own, for example, mixing raw almonds with a mild cleanser.

Exfoliation and whitening

Creams, gels, and alpha hydroxy acid solutions can be used to combat this problem by exfoliating the skin. Lightening products should contain important whitening ingredients such as kojic acid, azelaic acid, and arbutin.

• Some of the creams and serums include alpha hydroxy acids such as glycolic, citric, tartaric and lactic acid. Alpha hydroxide cream may work well if the concentration is less than 10%. For example, AHA 4oz is a face cream with a concentration of 8%.
• Another beneficial component is retinoic acid (retin-A / retin). Most products containing it are prescription creams and gels. Great for removing dark areas of the face from acne, scars and other marks.
• Salic acid is a beta-hydroxy acid group that is also effective in treating acne.

Creams for age spots

For hyperpigmented spots, you can use special lightening creams or visit a center for laser treatment.

Secondly, for acne scars, pimples, you can get some of the lightening creams like Isotretinoin, Meladerm Skin Care, Ambi-Fade Cream (lightening creams).

Another common method for treating acne and preventing the formation of dark spots due to it is topical benzoyl peroxide and triclosan antibacterials.

Laser treatment

If the above remedies do not give good results, you should try laser treatment. It uses penetrating pulses of laser light to destroy the melanocyte cells under the skin that cause these spots. A new layer grows and a softer layer is formed. healthy skin. Laser is undoubtedly a very reliable method.

This is a chemical-free dark spot clearing therapy that can be used on most skin types.

Needed proper care after treatment to help relieve pain and prevent swelling. Using a laser will provide a solution for both light and dark African-American skin.

Chemical peels

This is another darkening remover. Unlike microdermabrasion, a chemical peel solution uses medical grade agents to remove the target layer of skin.

Lungs chemical peels, such as those with alpha hydroxyl acids, are suitable for fair skin and are thus effective as a dark spot remover on the face.

Examples of good creams

The method you need to use to get rid of facial darkening depends on the type of skin problem you have. There are some important ingredients that may be present in such a cream such as niacinimide, vitamin C, licorice and acetylglucosamine.

You can try some of the creams below:

Clinique Acne Solutions Spot healing gel is one of the best means from acne. It should be used within several weeks.

Acne Spot Repair is another great cream for removing dark acne spots. It absorbs quickly and reduces inflammation to help eliminate problem areas on the cheeks and forehead. Others in this category are Oriflame Dark Spot Fading Concentrate, Himalaya Clarina Anti-acne Cream.

To combat pigmentation in men, one of the best creams– Pigmentation Repair Formula.

You can cleanse your face using Microfine Face Scrub, which is an exfoliating product with glycolic acid. In addition, you should use aftershave cream Dark Spot Reduction Moisturizer, which moisturizes and improves skin tone.

Also good products are:

• Clean and Clear Morning Burst Brightening Facial Scrub.
• Obagi Nu Derm Clear for melanoma dark spot cream.

Home Remedies

Lemon juice

It has the ability to remove dark spots on the face, especially acne. The acid and natural vitamin C found in lemon are important in removing toxins and dead cells. Plus, it's a really simple home procedure.

1. You need to squeeze a little juice out of the lemon.
2. Apply it with a cotton swab to problem areas of the skin.
3. Leave for at least 20 minutes and rinse with cool water. Repeat these steps every day after taking a bath or shower.

Papaya

This fruit has powerful enzymes to fight dark spots on the skin. You need to gently wipe the affected areas of the face with the pulp.

You should use ripe papaya on dark acne spots by rubbing the area covered with them. Rinse your face after 15 minutes.

Buttermilk and lemon

Mix a small amount of buttermilk (low-fat dairy cream) and lemon in equal quantities. This mixture may serve partly as lactic acid in alpha-hydroxyl products.

Aloe vera gel

It is a strong antioxidant with natural ingredients such as enzymes, vitamins, which can provide the ability to lighten dark spots on the face quickly and prevent skin damage from the sun.

1. Cut the leaf and squeeze out the gel-like pulp.
2. Cleanse your face and dry with a towel.
3. Apply the pulp directly to the affected areas of the skin, gently massaging and rubbing.

Onion + honey

The ability to whiten discolorations makes onions and honey excellent natural remedies to combat this problem. Onions contain natural and effective ingredients including minerals and vitamins, plus the acidity helps in removing shaving marks and injuries.

1. Mix some honey and onion in a bowl.
2. Using a soft cotton cloth, lightly apply the mixture to your face.
3. After 10 minutes, apply a thin layer of natural honey.
4. Alternatively, you can replace the onion with garlic juice.

Turmeric, yogurt and honey

1. Combine turmeric powder, yogurt and honey in equal proportions to form a thick paste.
2. Apply the mask to cleansed facial skin with light massage movements.
3. Let it dry and rinse with warm water after 10 minutes. Repeat the procedure daily at least 2 times a day.

Lemon juice, cucumber and rose water

Cucumber is excellent for repairing cell damage and getting rid of dark spots, restoring and smoothing the skin.

1. Grate the cucumber and mix with rose water and lemon juice.
2. Apply by rubbing lightly cotton fabric or cotton wool.
3. Apply the product for at least 5 minutes daily. Wash to remove any residue.
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What do you see when you look in the mirror? Just your face? According to Chinese medicine, which is more than 5 thousand years old, the face is a mirror image of health. If you think about it, there really must be a grain of truth in this statement. It is hardly possible to have a flourishing appearance if everything is not well inside you. Even Lope de Vega in “Dog in the Manger” through the mouth of the hero says: “Health and beauty are inseparable!” But the Chinese have gone even further: based on the state of the five zones of the face, they can make a rough diagnosis of your health.

According to the rules of Chinese medicine, the element of Fire corresponds to the forehead. It is responsible for the functioning of the heart and small intestines, as well as, naturally, for the state of mind and spirit.

When examining the forehead, look for any discoloration. Redness and an abundance of red blood vessels indicate heart problems. A darker shade of the forehead compared to the rest of the face indicates some problems with digestion, but, most likely, they are still minor. A change in forehead color can also be a consequence of severe mental turmoil. In people prone to and strong emotions, a large number of wrinkles appear on the forehead, and, as a rule, a fold between the eyebrows.

A heart attack can sometimes be predicted by a faint blue-green tint to the forehead. You should be wary if the appearance of such a shade is accompanied by other symptoms of heart problems: palpitations, dizziness, difficulty breathing or pain in the left arm.

Nose

The nose corresponds to the element of Earth, which is responsible for the functioning of the stomach, spleen and pancreas.

Did a pimple suddenly pop up on the tip or side of your nose? Not everything is as harmless as it seems! This indicates some disorder in your digestive system. Remember what you ate the day before? A lot of spicy, fried, smoked or fatty foods? Or maybe you ate some chocolate? If the answer to even one question is yes, then perhaps the problem is only in your food choices. By the way, the appearance of such a seemingly insignificant pimple may be accompanied by indigestion, diarrhea or constipation.

Red capillaries and red spots on the bridge of the nose may indicate alcohol abuse or stress, which also affects the digestive tract.

Chin

The chin area belongs to the element of Water, which is associated with the functioning of the kidneys and genitourinary system, and is also responsible for the functioning of the hormonal system and glands.

Redness, irritation, peeling, darkening or, conversely, lightening of the area around the mouth and chin may indicate problems with the kidneys or bladder. Periodic acne on the chin indicates a hormonal imbalance. The problem most often lies in the body's excess production of estrogen or testosterone, and can be accompanied by irregular menstruation in women and prostatitis in men.

Pay attention to the area located from the nose to upper lip. This small area reflects the condition of the uterus and ovaries in women and the condition of the prostate gland and genitals in men. Horizontal folds, peeling or discoloration in this area may indicate serious problems in the reproductive area, including uterine fibroids or fibroids.

According to Chinese medicine, people with small chins are genetically predisposed to weak kidneys and problems in the genitourinary system. However, this does not mean that every person with a small chin will necessarily have diseased kidneys. This is only a warning about the current trend, so that a person tries to make appropriate changes in his lifestyle and prevent the occurrence of the disease.

Right cheek

The right cheek corresponds to Metal, which is responsible for the functioning of the lungs and large intestines.

Problems with the lungs or colon will show up as discoloration, flaking, and skin problems on the right cheek. Small pimples, redness or a flaky spot can either portend the imminent onset of bronchitis or indicate more serious problems with the lungs

People prone to respiratory allergies and asthma often have red, scaly or scaly eczema, or an area with a slight green-blue tint specifically on the right cheek. The appearance of such eczema or a similar shade may indicate the imminent onset of an allergic attack or asthma attack, which allows you to take preventive measures.

Left cheek

The left cheek corresponds to the Wood element, which is responsible for the functioning of the liver and gall bladder, as well as the functioning of the nervous system.

Prominent capillaries and redness, especially those located close to the wings of the nose, indicate possible inflammation or stagnation (accumulation of toxins) in the liver. A yellowish tint under the left eye indicates either the presence of gallstones or high levels of cholesterol or triglycerides, which are produced by the liver and gallbladder systems.

Various problematic marks on this part of the face can also signal an unstable emotional state, such as anxiety, anger, or. Protruding veins, redness or a rash on the left cheek can signal high blood pressure or hidden anger.

Remember that there are many ways in which the body warns us about disorders and diseases. And it is not always the occurrence of pain. On the contrary, pain indicates that the disease has already started or has entered an acute or chronic stage. There is no need to wait for this. Listen to your inner feelings and pay attention to external symptoms to prevent small disorders before they become serious illnesses. I hope that the proposed technique will help you a little with this.

Complexion is directly related to health. It's no secret that only a healthy person can have a fresh, rich complexion. The slightest changes in the state of the body are immediately reflected on the skin, hair, and nails. If a gray complexion appears, this is a cause for concern. You need to immediately consult a doctor and get diagnosed. There are practically no cases where an unnatural, sallow complexion does not indicate any structural or functional pathology in the body.

Epidemiology

In 98% of cases, changes in complexion are associated with a violation of the internal state of the body. Yellow complexion in 87% of cases is associated with impaired liver function, with jaundice. Grey colour face in 76% of cases indicates multiple pathologies in the body associated with metabolic disorders. In women, changes appear 2-3 times faster than in men, because women's skin more sensitive to disturbances of homeostasis.

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Causes of gray complexion

Typically, this pathology indicates a dysfunction internal organs, for endocrine disorders. Polluted environment, bad habits and poor nutrition often lead to impaired body resistance, decreased immune status, resulting in skin problems. Disturbances in normal metabolism, pigment pathologies, constant stress, and neuropsychic stress also lead to disturbances in the condition of the skin and subcutaneous tissue.

Complexion can also change with insufficient skin care, especially if the skin is oily. In this condition, the skin glands produce too much secretion, sebum accumulates in excess. This leads to thickening of the epidermis and discoloration. Failure to comply with the daily routine, lack of sleep at night, and a sedentary lifestyle also lead to changes in the condition of the skin.

Risk factors

People living in large cities and megalopolises are at risk. Here the environment is most intensively polluted, which affects health and appearance person. people who are subject to constant stress, work intensively, have a busy schedule, and drink excessive amounts of coffee and alcohol are also at risk. If there are not enough vitamins, the complexion changes dramatically, as well as with insufficient physical activity and smoking.

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Pathogenesis

The pathogenesis is based on a disruption of the normal functioning of the body at the cellular and tissue level. First, general metabolic processes are disrupted, then a change in the structure and function of tissues and organs occurs. Toxins and metabolic products accumulate in the body, and the microflora changes. A deficiency of some substances and a deficiency of others develops, which leads to a general imbalance. Blood circulation and elimination of toxins are also impaired. They penetrate the blood, spread throughout the body, and penetrate various types of tissue, including the skin. Pigmentation is disrupted, the skin changes its shade.

Symptoms of a gray complexion

In medicine, this phenomenon is called dyschromia. This is a condition in which a change in facial color occurs. Most often, such changes are a consequence of metabolic disorders and dysfunction of internal organs. In order to eliminate the pathology, you need to find the cause. To do this, you need to undergo a comprehensive examination, then prescribe treatment in accordance with the pathology found. Contacting cosmetologists and dermatologists is usually ineffective, since the problem lies not in the condition of the upper layer of the skin, but in the deeper layers of the body and internal organs. Blue is considered the most dangerous dark color faces. Such shades may indicate a life-threatening pathology.

The appearance of any signs of a change in the condition of the skin, a change in shade, even a slight one, indicates the presence of pathology in the internal organs. Immediately, without examination, it is impossible to say exactly what changes provoked dyschromia. Therefore, you need to see a doctor as soon as possible and undergo a comprehensive examination.

Pale gray complexion

Gray-green complexion

The acquisition of a greenish tint may indicate chronic fatigue, lack of sleep and fresh air, poor nutrition and disruption of the functioning of internal organs. A greenish tint is also observed with thyroid dysfunction, cancer, and HIV infection. Also, a long-term infectious process, sepsis, in which active inflammatory processes occur, accumulation of toxins and uncontrolled growth of infection can cause a green complexion. If a person has intoxication, cirrhosis of the liver, or other disorders of the kidneys and liver, a greenish tint also appears.

Gray-yellow complexion

A yellow complexion is traditionally associated with jaundice, which causes severe liver damage. Also, yellow color can occur when bile synthesis is impaired, when large quantities bilirubin, which also increases in liver and kidney diseases. An increased hemoglobin content may occur in the case of red blood cell breakdown. Such decay is most often the result of poisoning or Rh conflict. A yellow tint occurs as a result of hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and liver failure.

The reason may be simpler - a person could eat a lot of carrots, which contain carotene. This substance gives the skin an orange tint.

Dark gray complexion

The appearance of a dark gray shade indicates renal and adrenal insufficiency, in which endocrine activity is disrupted. Also, a similar color can appear in cases of digestive disorders, genitourinary system activity, sexual disorders and sexual dysfunctions.

If a gray tint covers the face unevenly, but in separate spots, this is most often associated with a disorder of the thyroid gland, more precisely, with hyperthyroidism. A similar complexion appears with severe dysbiosis and impaired heart function. Most often, this pathology is accompanied by bacterial endocarditis, increased bacterial contamination of internal organs, and sepsis. Systemic scleroderma, cutaneous porphyria and atherosclerosis can also lead to the occurrence of a similar pathology.

Gray-blue complexion

A blue complexion is directly associated with severe heart and lung diseases. Typically, such a pathology occurs when there is a sharp lack of blood circulation or oversaturation of the skin with carbon dioxide against the background of a lack of oxygen. Some drugs that affect the blood and hematopoietic organs can also cause a bluish tint. For example, the intake or external use of silver preparations is associated with such pathologies, which often indicates an overdose. This condition is called argyria and requires urgent cessation of silver therapy, otherwise there is a risk of damage to the bone marrow and eyes, liver and kidney failure develops, and the nervous system is damaged. Grey- Blue colour face is typical for people whose professional activities are related to silver processing.

Sometimes this color can indicate methemoglobinemia, a condition in which normal hemoglobin is replaced by damaged hemoglobin, which is incapable of transporting oxygen. Typically, such a replacement occurs with severe poisoning, or with an overdose of paracetamol, sulfonamides and nitrites. In some cases, methemoglobinemia can be a hereditary disease, and a bluish tint to the skin accompanies a person throughout his life, starting from birth.

With severe anemia, toxic shock, pneumonia with a risk of developing pleurisy, severe bronchitis, pulmonary embolism, pneumothorax and heart defects, a blue tint also inevitably develops.

Gray complexion and dark circles under the eyes

A similar condition occurs when the body is exhausted, sudden weight loss, lack of nutrients and vitamins in food, or when eating low-quality foods. Also, similar changes can occur as a result of the development of oncological processes, blood leukemia and diseases of the digestive system. Smoking, alcohol abuse, narcotic and psychotropic drugs, and antidepressants can cause a blue complexion with bruises. Long-term use of strong painkillers and the recovery period after suffering severe inflammatory and infectious diseases can be accompanied by a similar pathology. Bruises can also appear when blood function is impaired, its coagulability, increased fragility of blood vessels, in the postoperative and postpartum period.

Gray complexion in men, women and children

In men, this shade is most often a sign of leukemia or cancer, overwork, and infectious diseases. Also, gray color and bruises indicate pathology of the kidneys, liver, disorders of the genitourinary system, various malignant and benign neoplasms, prostate adenoma, and alcohol abuse.

In women, a gray complexion may be a sign of disorders in the genitourinary system and reproductive organs. This shade appears during benign and malignant processes in the body, with dysfunction of the adrenal glands and ovaries, with cysts and ovarian dysfunction, and endometrial pathology.

In a child, a gray complexion most often indicates impaired functioning of the kidneys and liver, hepatitis, acute infectious and inflammatory processes, metabolic disorders, hormonal function, as well as recently suffered severe inflammatory and infectious diseases, pathologies of the heart, lungs, and circulatory system.

Complications and consequences

A pathology as harmless as a change in complexion can lead to serious consequences and complications. If you do not conduct a timely examination, do not identify the cause of the pathology, and do not eliminate it, you can miss many serious diseases. Changes in complexion are only a consequence of the underlying disease, one of the symptoms that cannot be ignored. Without paying attention to changes in complexion, you can miss severe disorders of the liver, kidneys, and heart. You can skip the early stages of the oncological and inflammatory process, due to which these pathologies will develop into more severe pathologies, advanced stages.

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Diagnosis of gray complexion

If an abnormal complexion appears, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible. First you need to see a therapist. He will conduct a general examination, collect anamnesis, and, if necessary, prescribe laboratory tests. Based on the results of the analysis, it will be possible to make a preliminary diagnosis. If necessary, the doctor will prescribe additional consultations with specialists. They, in turn, will conduct a general and special examination and prescribe the necessary laboratory and instrumental tests.

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Analyzes

Finding out the cause is often quite difficult, since they can be different and combined. In general terms, you can imagine exactly what tests will be required for various manifestations of the disease. So, with increased pallor of the face, a general blood test, determination of reticulocytes, a coagulogram and liver tests will be required.

If your skin has a yellow tint, you will need to consult an infectious disease specialist, additional tests for dysbacteriosis, bacteriological cultures, as well as a number of instrumental studies. Usually tests are taken for viral hepatitis and to determine immune status. Depending on the type of pathology, further treatment is carried out by a hematologist or gastroenterologist.

Instrumental diagnostics

A green skin tone requires, first of all, consultation with a gastroenterologist. Usually he conducts a general examination, after which he prescribes a gastroscopy. This is the method that is the most accurate and informative. With its help, you can examine the walls of internal organs, carefully examine the condition of the mucous membranes and stomach cavities. The advantage of the method is that it can be used to take a biopsy if an oncological process is suspected. You can take a scraping to determine the intestinal microflora and Helicobacter bacteria, which are the causative agents of gastritis and ulcers.

Additionally, an ultrasound may be prescribed, which will show the condition and size of the organs from a different angle, allowing one to study not only the esophagus and intestines, but also the liver, pancreas, spleen, and other organs. Ultrasound can monitor many processes in dynamics, for example, you can track the characteristics of peristalsis and motility.

To diagnose red and blue, ultrasound of the heart, electrocardiogram, and other studies are prescribed, which are used to obtain a complete clinical picture of cardiac pathologies.

Differential diagnosis

Making a diagnosis is quite difficult. Changes in complexion can be a sign of various diseases. You must first determine in which particular system the pathology is observed. The general picture can be obtained from clinical tests, biochemical blood tests, and immunograms. Based on the examination and laboratory data, the patient is referred to a highly specialized doctor for further diagnosis. For example, if a pathology of the respiratory system is detected, further research is carried out by pulmonologists and phthisiatricians; in case of pathology of the digestive system, treatment is carried out by a gastroenterologist; in case of cardiac pathology, a cardiologist is involved.

Treatment for gray complexion

Treatment is a complex and time-consuming process. Depends on what pathology caused the disease. First of all, etiological therapy is carried out, aimed at eliminating the cause of the disease. So, if the cause is a bacterial infection, a course of antibiotic therapy is prescribed, with viral infection treatment with antiviral drugs is carried out. If a heart pathology is detected, treatment is carried out by a cardiologist; if a kidney pathology is detected and urinary tract, treatment is carried out by a nephrologist, etc.

After the underlying disease is cured, normalization of basic functions and rehabilitation therapy are carried out. For example, if the microbiocenosis has been disrupted, therapy is carried out aimed at restoring the microflora; if necessary, immunomodulating therapy is carried out, the normal biochemical cycle and metabolism are restored. Additionally, diet and vitamin therapy may be prescribed.

At the third stage, we proceed directly to symptomatic therapy, in which the main pathologies that have arisen on the skin are eliminated. Here you will need to consult a dermatologist or cosmetologist. The doctor examines the skin, conducts the necessary tests and selects the appropriate course of treatment, if it is still necessary. Often, after curing the underlying disease, signs of skin damage disappear and the face acquires a natural shade.

At an appointment with a cosmetologist, he cleanses the face. For this purpose it is usually used steam bath, special masks, chemical or biological peelings. These procedures make it possible to exfoliate the upper layer of the epidermis, due to which the skin is renewed and restored faster. At the second stage, mechanical cleaning is carried out, during which the pores are opened, special cleaning of the pores is carried out, and contaminants are removed.

Then they improve skin nutrition and blood supply. Various methods are used for this: masks, mesotherapy, microcurrent therapy, injection methods, administration of vitamin preparations of amino acids. Cryotherapy procedures have a positive effect on the condition of the skin - massage with liquid nitrogen, which promotes skin regeneration, its rejuvenation, and the elimination of scars and scars. The complexion improves significantly.

How to get rid of and remove gray complexion?

In order to remove a gray complexion, you need to eliminate the cause that causes it. Otherwise, not a single cosmetic procedure will have the desired effect. You need to go see a therapist. He will prescribe the necessary tests and, if necessary, refer you to another specialist for consultation. Only after undergoing a comprehensive examination can you get an accurate diagnosis and select the appropriate treatment. After this, you need to undergo a full course of treatment. Usually, after eliminating the cause, the complexion improves. If this is not enough, only at this stage can you contact a dermatologist and cosmetologist for local cosmetic procedures.

Following a daily routine, good nutrition, giving up bad habits, adequate drinking and regular exercise will also help to remove a gray complexion. physical culture. Health systems such as qigong and hatha yoga, breathing practices, relaxation and meditative complexes have proven themselves well.

Medicines

It is necessary to understand that medications are not prescribed uncontrollably. You need to know the cause of the disease, present a clinical picture of what is happening in the body, and only after that you can select suitable drugs. Otherwise, they will not only be ineffective, but also harmful. If taken uncontrolled and incorrectly, various side effects and even worsening of the condition are possible. It is important to take precautions - do not self-medicate under any circumstances, and take any medication only after first consulting a doctor.

If a bacterial infection, dysbacteriosis or skin mite - demodex is detected, an antibacterial drug - erythromycin - is used. It is recommended to take 1 tablet 2-3 times a day, after meals.

In case of metabolic disorders and vitamin deficiency, medobiotin is prescribed - a vitamin and mineral complex designed specifically to normalize the condition of the skin, hair, and nails. Take 1 tablet per day for a month.

When wet rashes or pustules appear on the skin against the background of changes in skin color, use chloramphenicol ointment. It has an anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effect, dries, eliminates rashes. Apply 2-3 times a day, spreading a thin layer on the skin. The skin must be pre-cleaned.

If the body is contaminated with waste and toxins, as well as if there are signs of intoxication, enterosgel is prescribed. This is a sorbent that removes toxins from the body, cleanses the blood, normalizes the body’s condition, and improves well-being. Take 1 tablespoon of the product, stir in a glass of water, drink in the morning, on an empty stomach. The course of treatment ranges from 7 to 14 days.

Vitamins

For any disease, including diseases of unknown etiology, the body needs vitamins. If a change in complexion is detected, the following vitamins in daily dosages will be useful:

Vitamin PP – 60 mg

Vitamin H – 150 mcg

Vitamin C – 500 mg

Vitamin A – 2400 mcg

Vitamin E – 45 mg.

Physiotherapeutic treatment

The most effective physiotherapeutic procedures are cryotherapy, mesotherapy, laser treatment, ultrasound, biorevitalization, bioreinforcement. These procedures are carried out by a cosmetologist according to indications.

Traditional treatment

Traditional medicine has many remedies that are used to normalize complexion. The products have proven themselves well, both for external and internal use.

For external use, various decoctions are used for washing, frozen ice for wiping the face, and lotions.

A decoction of chamomile and calendula is used not only for a dull, gray complexion, but also for the appearance of comedones and inflammatory processes on the skin, scars and erosions. To prepare the decoction, take 5 tablespoons of chamomile herb and the same amount of calendula, add a liter of water, and let it brew for half an hour. Then wait until the water reaches a warm, comfortable temperature and wash your face without using soap or cleansing gel.

To refresh your face and make it brighter, fresh shade take 1 thick aloe leaf, squeeze the juice out of it and wipe your face like lotion 2-3 times a day.

Ice cubes give the skin a soft, natural look, eliminate gray and yellow tint. To make ice, prepare a decoction of flax seeds. Pour one tablespoon of seeds into a glass of water and let it brew for a day. After the product has cooled, pour into molds and place in the freezer to freeze. Wipe your face after washing 2 times a day.

Herbal treatment

Herbs have a positive effect not only on the condition of the skin, but also on the condition of the body as a whole. Used both externally and internally.

To normalize microflora and stabilize the gastrointestinal tract, take a decoction of mint. It is useful for women, but contraindicated for men. Mint contains female hormones, and therefore normalizes the female hormonal system and has a calming effect on the body. The internal environment of the body is normalized, and accordingly, the external space is normalized. The skin becomes lighter, tighter, and acquires a natural glow. To prepare the decoction, take 1-2 tablespoons of mint, add a glass of water, and drink at one time. You can drink 4-5 glasses a day. You can add honey to taste. You can also add mint as a flavoring to regular tea and drink it throughout the day.

A decoction of sage for washing is useful. Take 2-3 tablespoons of sage and add 1 liter of water. They give you the opportunity to brew. Then filter, wait until the product cools to room temperature, and wash. After washing your face, do not rub it, just pat it lightly. Improves complexion with lavender infusion. Take about 50 grams of lavender leaves, pour 100 grams of vodka or alcohol. Allow to brew for 7 days. Then wipe the face twice a day.

Homeopathy

When using homeopathic remedies, precautions must be taken: use them only after prior consultation with a doctor. Homeopathy, despite its relative safety, has numerous side effects. Thus, an overdose, drug incompatibility, allergic reactions. In order not to worsen the condition, it must be able to be effectively included in complex therapy.

• Ointment from medicinal hops

The ointment can be purchased at a pharmacy or prepared yourself. For cooking you will need an oil base, such as butter. Melt it, add hop cones. Boil for 5-10 minutes, stirring slowly. Then remove, cool, and let it brew. After the product has hardened, you can apply small pieces to the skin, rub in a thin layer and leave until completely absorbed. The ointment has a regenerating effect, restores the skin, relieves irritation, and returns the natural color.

• Propolis ointment

Propolis is melted over a fire, 12-20 grams of pine needles are added to it, boiled for 5-10 minutes, stirring slowly. Apply a thin layer to the skin and leave until completely absorbed.

• Strengthening mixture

Take 200 grams of raisins, dried apricots, prunes, figs. Mix and pass through a meat grinder. Separately, 1 lemon with peel and about 300 grams of walnuts are passed through a meat grinder. The resulting mixture is thoroughly mixed, add 5-6 tablespoons of honey, 1 tablespoon of ground cinnamon, 1 tablespoon of ground ginger. Mix thoroughly and allow to brew for 3-4 days. Eat 1 tablespoon in the morning and evening. Helps restore strength, restore youth and natural color to the skin.

• Vitaminized lotion

To give the skin its usual natural color, you need to prepare the following infusion. Take 50 ml of eleutherococcus extract and 50 ml of lemongrass infusion, mix together. Add 2-3 drops of vitamin E, mix thoroughly. Let it sit for 2-3 days, then you can wipe your face 2-3 times a day.

What hair color suits a sallow complexion?

Any doctor will answer that it is irrational to choose hair color to match an earthy complexion, since an earthy tone is pathological. It would be much more logical to first undergo an examination, establish the cause of such a pathology, and undergo appropriate treatment. Only after this can you choose your hair color to match your healthy complexion. Beauty is first and foremost health. But if we talk about the combination of colors, it is worth noting that the best option would be dark or red hair color.

Prevention

To prevent a gray and sallow complexion, you need to undergo a timely examination and eliminate the identified pathologies. In addition, it is recommended to adhere healthy image life, eat well, get the necessary amount of vitamins and microelements. You need to drink enough water and do physical exercise. It is important to alternate static and dynamic exercises, perform breathing practices, as well as relaxation complexes and meditation. It is necessary to regularly care for the skin externally: cleanse it, moisturize it, nourish it. You need to try to eliminate bad habits, including smoking and alcohol, and take less medications.

Forecast

Gray complexion can have a favorable prognosis if diagnosed promptly and receive the necessary treatment. The complexion itself does not change; it is always a consequence of diseases of the internal organs. If you don't pay attention to your sallow complexion, you might miss early signs many serious diseases, including malignant neoplasms, ulcers, anemia, organ failure.

In some diseases, the metabolism changes in such a way that diffuse hyperpigmentation develops, that is, the skin darkens over large areas of the body and on the face. To exclude regular tanning, examine the inner surface of the forearms. The skin on these parts of the body is usually lighter in color. In addition, you need to ask the patient if he visits a solarium.

Why the skin on the face and body darkens and what disorders this may be associated with will be discussed in this article.

Causes

There are the following groups of reasons why the skin on the face and body darkens:

1. Increased production of melanocyte-stimulating hormone.
2. Other internal diseases accompanied by.
3. Taking certain medications.
4. Malignant tumors of internal organs.

Hypersecretion of melanocyte-stimulating hormone

The skin darkens when the level of a coloring pigment contained in special cells, melanocytes, increases. The production and release of this substance into the skin is activated under the influence of one of the pituitary hormones - melanocyte-stimulating.

Active synthesis of this hormone occurs in Addison's disease, one of the main causes of skin hyperpigmentation.

Addison's disease is a chronic disease that occurs with tuberculosis, infection, amyloidosis and other damage to these important organs. The adrenal glands stop synthesizing hormones, to which the body responds with increased secretion of a substance that stimulates their hormonal activity - adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thus trying to restore their activity. The physiology of this process is such that, simultaneously with the increased production of ACTH, the release of melanocyte-stimulating hormone, which causes darkening of the skin, also increases.

In Addison's disease, the skin is bronze, golden brown, or dark gray in color, often looking like a deep tan. Pigmentation is especially noticeable in open areas - the face, hands, as well as in places where clothing rubs, for example, on the neck. The skin also darkens in the genital area, nipple areolas, and postoperative scars. Dark spots also appear on the oral mucosa.

If you suspect Addison's disease, you should consult an endocrinologist.

Internal diseases with metabolic disorders

Some diseases and physiological conditions cause darkening of the skin, for example:

• hemochromatosis;
• porphyria.

Hemochromatosis is a hereditary disease in which the absorption of iron from food in the intestines increases. Iron-containing pigments are deposited in all organs and tissues, disrupting their functions.

Skin pigmentation in this disease is smoky, gray, bronze in color, most pronounced on the face and hands, as well as in the genital area, in armpits, areas of postoperative scars. With this disease, the liver and heart are affected, endocrine disorders develop, including. If you suspect hemochromatosis, you should consult a gastroenterologist.

Liver cirrhosis is characterized by a violation of the neutralization of bile, the absorption of bile pigments into the blood and their deposition in tissues. In patients with liver cirrhosis, parenchymal jaundice develops, accompanied by dark brown pigmentation of the skin. Cirrhosis of the liver is also characterized by: This disease is treated by a gastroenterologist.

Porphyrias are a group of hereditary diseases associated with impaired hemoglobin formation. Intermediate products of its metabolism - porphyrins - accumulate in the skin, where under the influence sunlight oxidize. As a result, the skin turns brown. It is easily damaged, becoming covered with ulcers and scars.

Sun exposure is contraindicated for patients with porphyria. A hematologist can help with this disease.

Hyperpigmentation due to medications

If the cause of darkening of the skin is unclear, the doctor should ask the patient if he is taking any of the following medications:

• oral contraceptives;
• chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine;
• preparations of silver, gold;
• amiodarone;
• busulfan and bleomycin;
• aminazine

Combined oral contraceptives can cause liver dysfunction with the development of parenchymal jaundice. Chloroquine and its derivatives are used to treat photodermatoses, as well as connective tissue diseases -,. These products may cause the skin to turn bluish-gray.

The use of silver in dietary supplements, the use of salts of this metal as antiseptics for washing urinary catheters, and long-term use of protargol can cause argyrosis: gray-blue discoloration of the skin. The use of krizanol (a gold preparation) can lead to a purple coloration of the skin.

Long-term use of amiodarone or cordarone sometimes causes exposed skin to turn brown or gray.

Busulfan and bleomycin are used to treat malignant tumors. These drugs often cause darkening and other changes in the skin.

Aminazine is used in psychiatric practice. With prolonged use, it turns the skin gray.

Darkening of the skin due to malignant tumors

Skin color may change due to malignant tumors of internal organs, including lymphomas. This phenomenon is called acanthosis nigricans maligna (malignant acanthosis nigricans) and is accompanied by dark symmetrical spots and stripes in the neck, armpits, external genitalia, and inguinal folds.

Acanthosis nigricans also occurs in benign diseases of the nervous and endocrine systems in young people.

For any change in skin color of unknown origin, you should consult a dermatologist. After the initial diagnosis, this doctor can refer the patient to an appropriate specialist. Darkening of the skin cannot be ignored, because this sign is a symptom of many serious diseases.

Which doctor should I contact?

If there is widespread or limited discoloration of the skin, you should consult a dermatologist. After ruling out skin diseases, the patient is usually referred to a general practitioner, where he undergoes an examination of the internal organs. After clarifying the diagnosis, a consultation with a specialized specialist is scheduled: endocrinologist, gastroenterologist, hepatologist, hematologist, oncologist.

Even in ancient times, doctors found that the appearance of a person’s skin directly depends on his general health. Sometimes, in order to determine that a person is unhealthy, it is enough just to look at his face. After all, even a slightly yellow complexion can have serious causes, for example, diseases of the cardiovascular system. The skin is often a harbinger of illness, so by correctly deciphering its signals, you can quickly and easily eliminate the disease. And to do this, you need to know in which cases a change in skin color becomes a consequence of a serious illness.

What causes yellow skin?

Most often, people begin to think about skin color when they notice pronounced yellowness. The most common cause of yellowing is excess bilirubin in the blood. Bilirubin is a breakdown product of the iron-containing protein hemoglobin, which is responsible for the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
This blood pigment usually accumulates in the blood due to liver disease and blockage of the bile ducts. Yellowness caused by excess bilirubin primarily appears on the palms of the hands, the underside of the tongue, and the sclera of the eyes.

In addition to liver diseases, yellowness of the skin can be caused by improper functioning of the thyroid gland, namely a lack of substances capable of breaking down beta-carotene. A bloodless yellow complexion indicates the development of cancer, and staining of the iris and eyelids can be caused by excess cholesterol or abnormal lipid metabolism. In general, yellowness appears when:

• diseases of the digestive system;
• oncological diseases;
• diseases of the endocrine system;
• diseases of the excretory system.

If the yellowness of the skin does not go away over a long period, you should go to a gastroenterologist, infectious disease specialist or hematologist. Only a doctor can make a correct diagnosis after the necessary examination, so try to avoid self-medication.

How to restore healthy skin color

The standard of a beautiful skin color is a pinkish tint with a slight blush on the cheeks. You need to start achieving a healthy skin color by visiting a doctor and treating existing diseases. Then you can only speed up the process of restoring your complexion. To begin with, it is important to get rid of bad habits and follow a proper diet. Ensure regular physical activity and spend enough time in the fresh air every day.

It is worth filling your life with joyful moments and pleasant emotions, reducing stress, getting enough sleep regularly and learning to enjoy life. Yellow and pale complexion will disappear after eating unripe dates, figs, rare meats and healthy seasonings. Good wine in moderation, onions, radishes and cabbage will restore freshness and beauty. Don’t forget about skin care using products prepared with your own hands according to a variety of folk recipes. The main thing to remember is that healthy skin is an indicator of the health of the whole body!

Skin has many functions. It is a protector, a thermostat, an absorbent, and an indicator of the condition of our body. Rash, pimples, swelling, redness, changes in smell can be caused by poor diet, use of various medications, infection, allergies... But ultimately, the reason is always the same - a crisis in the body.

Based on where exactly skin problems appear, one can judge which internal organ needs help.

Complexion

Disruption of the functioning of almost any internal organ affects blood circulation in the human body and, as a result, the complexion.

A yellowish complexion indicates diseases of the spleen and stomach.

Green color appears when stagnation has formed in one of the organs. Often green tint skin indicates liver dysfunction. Paleness often accompanies loss of strength, anemia, and general malaise.

A reddish tint to the skin can be caused by overheating of the body or stagnation of blood circulation, fever, and sometimes - in combination with other symptoms - heart disease.

Pimples

If they occur on the back, this indicates problems in the lungs and kidneys, if in the chest area - about disorders in the lungs and heart, on the forehead - about intestinal lethargy, on the cheeks - about diseased lungs, on the nose - about weakness of the heart, around mouth - you should pay attention to the genitals.

Circles under the eyes

Puffiness and blue circles under the eyes indicate dysfunction of the reproductive system, and brown bags indicate a diseased liver. Those who have dark circles around their eyes should pay attention to their nervous system.

Warts

Moles and warts are considered signs of an excess of certain substances in the human body. According to Chinese doctors, the formation of warts is promoted by an excess of protein and animal fats.

Wrinkles

A deep wrinkle between the eyes indicates disturbances in the functioning of the stomach and liver. In the old days they said about such people: “This person is a complete diseased liver.”

Saggy lips

The upper lip signals the state of the stomach, the lower lip indicates the condition of the large and small intestines. If your lips appear saggy, this indicates poor digestion.

Bright red lips indicate high blood pressure and respiratory problems. Dark purple lips are an indicator of excess cholesterol in the body, and pale lips are a sign that the body lacks oxygen.

Skin is an open book of our body. The main thing is to learn to read, and having mastered literacy, use it effectively. If you have skin problems, this does not mean that you are sick. Perhaps this is just a warning about a disease that will arise later. But it is necessary to heed this warning and seek advice from a doctor.

People's skin is different, its condition, including color, depends on many factors. Profession, nutrition, bad habits, lack of sleep, stress, sports, environment and even heredity leave their mark. Unfortunately, quite often the cause of skin discoloration is acute and chronic diseases. Problems with the gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular and endocrine systems inevitably affect our appearance. Distress signals from internal organs appear on the skin in some cases simultaneously with the disease, in others long before its appearance, which allows the necessary measures to be taken in time.

We can recognize some of these signals on our own, without special knowledge. Sometimes it is enough just to look carefully at a person to determine the cause of his suffering. The mother understands that the child has a fever even before he has time to complain of being unwell or begins to be capricious. An attack of “air sickness” in someone sitting next to you in the airplane cabin can also be easily “diagnosed” before your neighbor actually vomits - after all, everyone knows that a person, unlike plants, is not green when he feels good. But there are more complicated cases when you cannot do without the help of a doctor.
It must be said that people learned to recognize problems in the body by their complexion a long time ago, back in the times of Aristotle and Hippocrates. The achievements of Eastern healers are especially impressive. For example, in China, already at the beginning of the first millennium, a diagnosis was made based on complexion. And the predictions of the ancient Aesculapians came true with a high degree of probability. The art of reading faces was called Hsien-Ming and was practiced by great masters of their craft, who kept it in deep secret and only orally passed on their experience to the most gifted students. Now half-forgotten traditions are being revived.
So, what can complexion tell us? Let's start with general patterns. You can often hear that a person has an unhealthy complexion. This is a rather vague concept, since there are quite a few “colors of ill health”. For example, in Chinese medicine there are five of them. Green, white and black colors are indicators of pain, yellow and red symbolize fullness, white – absence. It’s not without reason that when we see a very pale person we exclaim: “You have no face!” Each of the five colors corresponds to an organ and a season of the year. Red - the heart and the beginning of summer, white - the lungs and autumn, black - winter and kidneys, yellow - the end of summer and the spleen, green - spring and the liver.
For modern doctors, only four colors are diagnostically significant - RED, YELLOW, BLUE and WHITE. Here's what they can tell us.

Red
Overheating of the body. Infectious diseases accompanied by fever. Diseases of the heart and blood vessels. Carbon monoxide poisoning.
Pale or white
Anemia. Lung pathologies. Stroke or heart attack.
Yellow
Diseases of the liver, spleen, stomach, gallbladder, pancreas.
Blue
Lung diseases. Oxygen starvation.

However, other colors are also important. For example, a dark complexion is a sign of kidney disease, bladder infections, earthy gray indicates frequent constipation and some other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Green is the most dangerous color; often in such cases, doctors diagnose the patient with complications of cholelithiasis, and sometimes cirrhosis of the liver and even cancer.
You can learn quite a few important things by carefully examining individual fragments of your face. Their coloring makes it possible to recognize the disease more accurately.

Cheeks
Blue-red coloration of the cheeks - heart failure.
White spots on the cheeks indicate a persistent decrease in blood pressure.
Unhealthy blush on the cheeks - asthma, bronchitis, lack of vitamin C in the body.
Symmetrical redness or whitening of the cheeks near the nose - lack of iron, digestive disorders.
Lips
Bright red lips - respiratory diseases, increased blood pressure.
“Bluish” lips - disturbances in the functioning of the heart, lack of oxygen.
Dark purple lips mean an excess of cholesterol in the body.
Eyes
Dark circles under the eyes are a sign of nervous disorders.
Blue circles under the eyes are a violation of cardiac activity and blood circulation. Problems with the genital organs.
Nose
Red nose - disturbances in the functioning of the heart, high blood pressure.
Blue-red nose - low blood pressure.
Red streaks on the nose - gastritis.
White spots on the nose are lung diseases.
Severe pallor of the inferior and superior turbinates - pneumonia.
Ears
Pale ears with a characteristic waxy tint are circulatory problems.
Language
Pale color of the tongue - anemia.
Blue color of the tongue - problems with the heart.
Yellow color of the tongue - disturbances in the liver.

Of course, everything that has been said here should not be taken as an immediate guide to action. These are only indirect indications of possible problems in your body. The final diagnosis can only be made by a doctor after a thorough examination.

Skin tone is affected by lifestyle, profession, nutrition and habits, lack of sleep and the environment, even stress and heredity. In addition to common causes, there are diseases that provoke an unhealthy complexion. An experienced doctor, during the first examination of a patient, can immediately suspect problems in one or another area of ​​the body if he notices a sallow, bluish, yellow or green complexion in the patient. In the article on the site, we will look at how an unhealthy complexion is associated with diseases and decipher the map of diseases by skin tone.

What does the term “unhealthy complexion” mean?

This concept refers to color deviations of human skin. Ideally, when a person does not complain of pain or illness and feels great, the skin tone will be within the range of pink, beige and yellow, and a healthy blush may appear on the cheeks. Each organism develops and functions in its own way, so skin color will vary depending on individual indicators.

In Chinese medicine, there are 5 unhealthy skin tones: white, black and green color– mean pain, red and yellow – fullness, white – absence.

For each of the five skin colors, problems with organs are distributed:

• red is the heart,
• white – pulmonary system,
• black – kidneys,
• yellow – spleen,
• green – liver.

Unhealthy complexion and disease map

Dark complexion is characterized by ailments associated with the thyroid gland, liver, adrenal glands, and heart. If there is an unhealthy complexion towards a uniform dark shade, this may mean adrenal insufficiency, the development of renal pathologies, or bacterial endocarditis.

If the face is covered with blurry brown spots, this characterizes a malfunction of the thyroid gland. When the face becomes covered with dark spots, and in addition the patient constantly feels numbness in the fingers, coldness of the extremities, and “goosebumps” on the body - these are sure signs of systemic scleroderma.

Leopard syndrome is characterized by the appearance of dark brown spots. Clearly defined spots on the skin may be a symptom of nevus syndrome.

Black spots on the skin

Black spots near the cheekbones and wings of the nose or on the entire face indicate problems with the kidneys and Bladder. Blackness may appear due to a decrease in the amount of B vitamin - PP or nicotinic acid. This disease is called pellagra. Also, dark almost black spots appear due to hypersensitivity to ultraviolet radiation– xeroderma pigmentosum.

Blue complexion

This shade may appear during treatment with Cordarone. In addition, a blue complexion may result from the development of cardiopulmonary diseases:

• heart failure;
• asthma;
• acute pneumonia;
• tuberculosis;
• pulmonary embolism;
• a sharp decrease in blood pressure;
• heart defects;
• chronic bronchitis;
• pleurisy;
• pneumothorax.

Skin redness

Often red spots on the face indicate a person who abuses alcohol. In addition, redness of the skin on the face may indicate the development of:

• arterial hypertension;
• erythrocytosis;
• carbon monoxide poisoning;
• allergic reaction;
• rosacea;
• scarlet fever;
• pneumonia;
• sinusitis.

Earthy skin color

An unhealthy complexion (sallow and gray tones) may not always indicate problems. You are most likely to “earn” this color if you don’t get enough sleep, abuse cigarettes and alcohol, constantly be in a suffocating room, eat unhealthy foods and lead an unhealthy lifestyle.

It is possible that sallow skin color may be the first symptom:

• thyroid dysfunction;
• oncological nature of the disease;
• sepsis;
• HIV infections.

In some diseases, the metabolism changes in such a way that diffuse hyperpigmentation develops, that is, the skin darkens over large areas of the body and on the face. To exclude regular tanning, examine the inner surface of the forearms. The skin on these parts of the body is usually lighter in color. In addition, you need to ask the patient if he visits a solarium.

Why the skin on the face and body darkens and what disorders this may be associated with will be discussed in this article.

There are the following groups of reasons why the skin on the face and body darkens:

1. Increased production of melanocyte-stimulating hormone.
2. Other internal diseases accompanied.
3. Taking certain medications.
4. Malignant tumors of internal organs.

Hypersecretion of melanocyte-stimulating hormone

The skin darkens when the level of a coloring pigment contained in special cells, melanocytes, increases. The production and release of this substance into the skin is activated under the influence of one of the pituitary hormones - melanocyte-stimulating.

Active synthesis of this hormone occurs in Addison's disease, one of the main causes of skin hyperpigmentation.

Addison's disease is a chronic disease that occurs with tuberculosis, infection, amyloidosis and other damage to these important organs. The adrenal glands stop synthesizing hormones, to which the body responds with increased secretion of a substance that stimulates their hormonal activity - adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thus trying to restore their activity. The physiology of this process is such that, simultaneously with the increased production of ACTH, the release of melanocyte-stimulating hormone, which causes darkening of the skin, also increases.

In Addison's disease, the skin is bronze, golden brown, or dark gray in color, often looking like a deep tan. Pigmentation is especially noticeable in open areas - the face, hands, as well as in places where clothing rubs, for example, on the neck. The skin also darkens in the genital area, nipple areolas, and postoperative scars. Dark spots also appear on the oral mucosa.

If you suspect Addison's disease, you should consult an endocrinologist.

Internal diseases with metabolic disorders

Some diseases and physiological conditions cause darkening of the skin, for example:

• hemochromatosis;
• porphyria.

Hemochromatosis is a hereditary disease in which the absorption of iron from food in the intestines increases. Iron-containing pigments are deposited in all organs and tissues, disrupting their functions.

Skin pigmentation in this disease is smoky, gray, bronze in color, most pronounced on the face and hands, as well as in the genital area, in the armpits, and the area of ​​postoperative scars. With this disease, the liver and heart are affected, endocrine disorders develop, among other things. If you suspect hemochromatosis, you should consult a gastroenterologist.

Liver cirrhosis is characterized by a violation of the neutralization of bile, the absorption of bile pigments into the blood and their deposition in tissues. In patients with liver cirrhosis, parenchymal jaundice develops, accompanied by dark brown pigmentation of the skin. Cirrhosis of the liver is also characterized by... This disease is treated by a gastroenterologist.

Long-term use of amiodarone or cordarone sometimes causes exposed skin to turn brown or gray.

Busulfan and bleomycin are used to treat malignant tumors. These drugs often cause darkening and other changes in the skin.

Aminazine is used in psychiatric practice. With prolonged use, it turns the skin gray.

Darkening of the skin due to malignant tumors

Skin color may change due to malignant tumors of internal organs, including lymphomas. This phenomenon is called acanthosis nigricans maligna (malignant acanthosis nigricans) and is accompanied by dark symmetrical spots and stripes in the neck, armpits, external genitalia, and inguinal folds.

Acanthosis nigricans also occurs in benign diseases of the nervous and endocrine systems in young people.

For any change in skin color of unknown origin, you should consult a dermatologist. After the initial diagnosis, this doctor can refer the patient to an appropriate specialist. Darkening of the skin cannot be ignored, because this sign is a symptom of many serious diseases.

Which doctor should I contact?

If there is widespread or limited discoloration of the skin, you should consult a dermatologist. After ruling out skin diseases, the patient is usually referred to a general practitioner, where he undergoes an examination of the internal organs. After clarifying the diagnosis, a consultation with a specialized specialist is scheduled: endocrinologist, gastroenterologist, hepatologist, hematologist, oncologist.